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Marie Curie Essays - 1069 Words

MARIE CURIE AND THE STUDY OF RADIOACTIVITY nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Marie Curie was born, Maria Sklodowska on November 7, 1867. She grew up in Warsaw, Poland. She would become famous for her research on radioactivity. Marie Curie was the first woman to ever win a Nobel prize, and the first ever to win two Nobel prizes. She is most famous for the discovery of Radium and Polonium. Her work not only influenced the development of fundamental science, but also began a new era in medical research and treatment. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Maria was the last of five children. Her oldest sister died of Typhus, one sister became a teacher and a brother and a sister both became physicians. Her family was not very rich, but education was†¦show more content†¦During Maries time, the atom was thought to be the smallest particle in existence. At first, Marie and Pierre Curie believed that perhaps the atom was covered with cosmic rays. Marie tested numerous elements to find if other ones than Uranium would make the air conduct electricity better. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Pierre was so interested in Maries work, that he joined forces with her. Her research had revealed that two uranium ores, pitchblende and chalcolite were much more radioactive that pure uranium. Marie concluded that the highly radioactive nature of these ores may possibly be due to undiscovered elements. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In July of 1898, Marie and Pierre Cure discovered Polonium. They named the element after Maries birth country, Poland. Chemically, this new element was very similar to bismuth, but it contained radioactivity, so it must be new. In December of 1898, the Curies discovered yet another element. They named this one radium, from the Latin word for ray. The two new elements had completely different chemical properties, but they both had very strong radioactivity. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;It was not easy for Marie and Pierre to convince the science community of their new findings. Marie succeeded in separating the radium from the barium, but it wasnt easy. She had to treat very large amounts of pitchblende, but she had plenty of pitchblende to use. (The CuriesShow MoreRelatedThe Life of Marie Curie Essay examples837 Words   |  4 PagesI chose to do my project on Marie Curie, the woman who discovered radium and polonium. She was born Mary Sklodowska on November 7, 1867 in Warsaw, Poland and died July 4, 1934 in Passy, France at the age of 67. In 1895, Marie married a professor named Pierre Curie at the age of 26. She was the first woman to complete a doctorate in France in MMMM at the age xxx. And in MMMMM, Curie was also the first female professor at the Sorbonne. She was the first person to use the term â€Å"radioactivity†, whichRead MoreMarie Curie s Life And Accomplishments1583 Words   |  7 PagesMarie Curie is an inspiration to many women because of her dedication to scientific discovery that resulted in her being the first woman to win a Nobel Prize. It was, and still is, difficult for women to establish themselves in the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) field as related professions have historically been male dominated. However, Marie Curie’s work with radiation and the Nobel Prizes in Physics and Chemistry that followed opened the door of possibilities for womenRead MoreMarie Curie s On The Discovery Of Radium1079 Words   |  5 PagesThis source I decided to choose to write about is Marie Curie’s â€Å"On the Discovery of Radium†. This was a firsthand account by Madame Marie Curie herself when she addressed Vasser College on May 14th 1921. Madame Curie, while discussing her past with the discovery of radium, could have talked about the whole history of her experimentation, but broke it down to a very brief account. I will have to say, that even though it was a short and brief writing, it took longer to read due to the lack of myRead MoreBiography of Marie and Pierre Curie Essay2008 Words   |  9 Pagesresearch over Marie and Pierre Curie I was able to put together this paper. This paper contains information about the life of Pierre and Marie Curie and their significance to physics and science in general. Pierre and Marie Curie are best known for their pioneering work in the study of radioactivity. The couple’s work led to their discovery of the elements radium and polonium (Dick). Pierre Curie was born on May 15, 1859. He was born in Paris, France. Pierre’s parents were Eugene Curie and Sophie-ClaireRead More Marie Curie Essay899 Words   |  4 Pages Marie Curie, or rather Marya Sklodowska, was born in Warsaw on November 7, 1867. At the time, the Polish capital was occupied by the Russians, who were seeking to weaken the local elite . Based on the value of experience and scientific reality, and applied to society, it was for many intellectuals the path of progress, it was to leave an indelible mark on Marya. Born into a family of teachers and brought up in an environment marked by a sense of duty and a lack of money, she led the most remarkableRead MoreThe Life Of Marie Curie1458 Words   |  6 PagesThe life of Marie Curie and her Einstein Number Marie Curie, born Maria Sklodowska was born in Warsaw, Poland. Gaining her basic education in public schools and some of her scientific training from her father. As a student she became involved in a Student s Revolutionary organization and found it necessary to leave Warsaw. This move helping to give her the means to begin her longstanding career in science. She would eventually become one of the most famous women in science to date, an icon inRead MoreEssay about Marie Curie851 Words   |  4 Pages Marie Curie LIFE OF MARIE CURIE nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Marie Curie(1867-1934) was a French physicist with many accomplishments in both physics and chemistry. Marie and her husband Pierre, who was also a French physicist, are both famous for their work in radioactivity. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Marie Curie, originally named Marja Sklodowska, was born in Warsaw, Poland on Nov.7, 1867. Her first learning of physics came from her father who taught it in high school. Maries father mustRead MoreMarie Curie: Radium Essay521 Words   |  3 Pagesit is only to be understood. Now is the time to understand more so that we may fear less.† (Lewis, Jone Johnson). Marie Curie was always one step ahead of herself. She would always say, â€Å"Be less curious about people and more curious about ideas.† (Lewis, Jone Johnson). She wanted to find something no one else had found and make things no one would ever think about making. Marie Curie was the founder of Radium. Radium is the chemical element of atomic number 88. It is a rare radioactive metal of theRead More Pierre And Marie Curie Essay1520 Words   |  7 PagesPierre and Marie Curie and the Discovery of Polonium and Radium nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Marie and Pierre Curies pioneer research was again brought to mind when nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;on 20 April last year, their bodies were taken from their place of burial at Sceaux, nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;just outside Paris, and in a solemn ceremony were laid to rest under the mighty nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;dome of the Panthà ©on. Marie Curie thus becameRead MoreThe Life And Accomplishments Of Marie Curie Essay1370 Words   |  6 PagesMarie Curie was born on November 7, 1867 in Warsaw, Poland. Her first few years were very trying on her spirits; her sister died from typhus, and four years later, her mother. Despite her difficult childhood, however, Curie went on to graduate at the top of her high school class at the age of fifteen. Due to her gender and Russian reprisals following the January Uprising, she was prohibited from going to a university, and therefore attended the illegal underground Flying University. In 1891, howeve r

Future Growth Of The Tourism Industry In Turkey †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Future Growth Of The Tourism Industry In Turkey. Answer: Introduction Turkey is a European country which is located partly in the Middle Eastern region of the world and partly in Europe. The strategic location of the country offers a wide range of opportunities for the development of Tourism in and around the world. It is a notable tourist destination of the European region and has experienced a large footfall of tourists in the last few years. The picturesque locations and the vast range of historical and archeological sites make it one of the famous tourist destinations across the world. In this following essay the essayist has discussed about the future growth of the tourism industry in Turkey and also the different issues that may hamper the growth of the industry. Current Issues The death knell for the tourism industry of Turkey has been sounding repeatedly. Terrorism is the main reason behind such a sudden downslide. The country has been rocked by a large number of terrorist attacks in the recent times. Last year the country experienced devastating attacks which claimed the lives of many people including a large number of tourists. To add salt to the existing woes the opposition organized a failed coup on the ruling government led by President Racep Tayyip Erdogan. The failed coup resulted in a heavy crackdown from the government and close to 6000 people was arrested in connection to the violence. The tourism sector is the most affected as because foreign offices of different countries are though not advising against travel to Turkey but are describing the situation as an unstable one. The country has seen a sharp decrease in the tourist count of 34.7% which has been a serious concern for the industry (Balli, Balli Cebeci, 2013). The crisis of the tourism sector will affect the economy of the country as because the tourism forms one of the largest contributors of GDP to the economy of Turkey. The tourism companies of the country which used to gain a healthy profit just a few years back are running in losses. The companies are claiming that the attempted coup to de throw the ruling party has damaged the reputation of the tourism sector of the industry (Ak?n et al. 2015). Positive Impact of Tourism in Turkey Turkey is rich in a variety of cultural and natural resources. Such resources are preserved under different laws. The government of Turkey has set up a number of different organizations to preserve and protect the cultural and natural heritage of the country. The mentioned European country has approximately 2700 number of historical ruins which dates back to prehistoric times and are rich in artistic works. Some of them include; Rock Sites of Cappadocia Great Ulu mosque Nemrut mountain in Adiyaman Xanthos- Letoon close to Antalya The government of Turkey has taken a number of initiatives to attract tourists in the country. This has resulted in both positive and negative impact on the growth of the tourism sector in the country. Some of the positive impacts of Tourism are; Huge Investment- The Government of Turkey has invested a huge sum of money to develop the infrastructure and boost the tourism sector of the country. Providing better transportation, better local facilities, quality accommodation, organizing social and cultural events, engaging local people to a number of jobs related to the tourism sector are some of the initiatives taken by the government to provide better services to the tourists who visit the nation (Giritlioglu et al. 2014). Beautiful decoration- Turkey is a picturesque country with beautiful landscapes. To further boost the tourism sector the authorities have taken up a beautification drive to make the country and the places of tourist interests more beautiful by planting trees and decorating the areas. Since the last few years there has been an increasing number of tourist footfalls in the country and thus a considerable sum of money has been invested to construct sitting areas, rest houses, inns, government sponsored eating places, proper sanitation facilities and drinking water facilities. Creation of Job- The creation of job opportunities is one of the most important factors of tourism. A lot of different jobs both internal as well as external has been created on the rise of tourism in Turkey (Gozgor, Demir, Bilgin, 2017). Economic Impact- The tourism industry has contributed to the growth of the economy of Turkey. Tourism accounts for a considerable part of the Gross Domestic Production of the country (Polat Demirel, O, 2016). The factors that have contributed to the growth of the industry includes large scale modern industrialization, education, training, adaption of advanced technologies, large number of qualified individuals, making the market liberal and using strategic marketing to attract foreign investments. Negative Impact of Tourism in Turkey Environmental Impact- The largest negative impact of the tourism sector is the environmental impact that it brings with it. Littering, spilling wastes, dumping wastes in the areas of tourist interests is a large concern for the organizations. The visits of unruly tourists make life harder for the authorities to tackle them. This is one of the main concerns for the tourism industry of the country. Transit Factors- Transit or transportation is a key negative factor that is relevant to the tourism industry of Turkey. People from all over the world arrive at Turkey by means of air, private cars, railways and water. Usage of such different means of transport leads to tremendous pollution and emission of Carbon-di-Oxide. Emission of such large scale pollution is a cause of concern for the environment (Polat Demirel, O, 2016). Social Factors- Turkey has a strict cultural heritage that gets disrupted due to the presence of tourists. The cultural life of the people may get disturbed by tourist activities. Strategic Planning The government of Turkey has chalked out a Tourism plan and has fixed its implementation deadline of 2023. Tourism has been considered as an essential part for the development of the country. The implementation has to be done in such a way that it needs to have a implementation tool for efforts to remove the cultural and social barriers within the country and boost the economy of the nation. The aims and objectives of planning the tourism are; Concentrating more on the places where organized tourism activities can be set up easily. The government has aimed to implement the tourism plans in the cities or states that provide a competitive edge for tourism in the global market. This includes implementing different types of strategies for developing the tourism activities of the particular area. Achieving a healthy growth rate of around 60% by the mentioned year and having a full occupancy during the peak seasons, while achieving at least 40% occupancy for tourists in lean seasons. Increase the base for the participation in different cultural, social and other programs to steer the development process. The strategies for the development of tourism has been prepared by the government of Turkey with the help of a number of private consulting companies that have provided some valuable inputs for the development of the tourism sector of the country. There can be multiple ways to implement different strategies such as; Investment- Different measures have to be taken to promote investment in tourism. The government of Turkey has planned to grant certain additional benefits for the industry (Katircioglu, 2014). Special incentives have been announced to be provided by the government to support the sector so that it adds up as a main source of revenue generation which benefits the economy of the country. Tie up with different banks and financial institutions of the country as well as with foreign banks have ensured loan facilities to develop the infrastructure and promote Turkey as one of the best tourist attractions in the world. Organization- The overall success of the travel and tourism industry lies on the effective set up andmanagement of the organization. The ministry of Culture and Tourism has aimed to pursue the efforts as the only responsibility to plan and implement all the areas with the potential to promote tourism. It has also assumed full responsibility to set up and implement legal arrangements, plans and policies that would be directing the tourism industry. A tourism database would also be created to keep a proper idea about the types of tourists, the frequency of tourists and other important information related to the development of tourism. Marketing and Promotion Strategy- Marketing and promotion must be done to promote the tourism of Turkey in a proper way. Transportation and Infrastructure Strategy- The government of the mentioned country has a critical problem that must be solved to enhance and boost the transportation sector of the country. The transportation department of the government in collaboration with the ministry of culture has prepared a detailed roadmap on achieving a proper framework for the organization. A MOU has been signed with one of the leading construction companies of Europe who have been provided the charge to develop the transportation infrastructure of the places of tourist interest. Evaluation The strategic planning as prepared by the Government of Turkey has certain features that picture a positive growth of the tourism sector of Turkey (Balli, Balli Cebeci, 2013). The ministry of culture and tourism has taken some positive steps to ensure the success of the plans. The creation of investment opportunities, making the market open to foreign investors, providing the tourists with adequate facilities, exclusive marketing and promotional strategies and the strengthening of the organization are all equally important for building the best tourism centric infrastructure. As mentioned earlier the formulation of a set of aims and objectives by the government will help Turkey to steer towards a positive growth and be one of the leading forces of global tourism. Such a measure if implemented properly will turn the tide of the Countrys economy. Butlers model of Tourism describes that most of the tourist resorts begin their operations on a very small scale and gets bigger and bigger until the market gets stagnated. There are six different stages of the model. They are, Exploration- There are some people who love adventure and crave for some unique experience. They search for places that have a good culture, history and have a natural beauty. Tourist services were not available in Antalya and the main occupation of the people was not tourism. Local people were reluctant to take up tourism as their professions. Involvement- Once there was an improvement in the infrastructure and transportation the local people of Antalya noticed the ever increasing number of visitors in the city and the outskirts. This prompted many of them to start different business related to Tourism like providing hotel facilities, food, guides and many more as such. Development- The larger companies involved in tourism activities saw the chance to invest in the city which was slowly gaining much importance to make sure that they does not fall behind the race to earn profits from the sector. Building hotels, resorts, providing food, providing recreational activities were some of the amenities that were provided to the people visiting the area (Aslan, 2016). Consolidation- The local economy of Antalya is dominated by tourism at this particular stage. Different people staying in Antalya make good use of such an advantage. Other industries on which people earlier used to depend will be suffering as a result (Somer, 2014). Stagnation- Huge competition from other resorts, hotels and different other business related to tourism makes the market stagnant and leaves no opportunity for growth. The trend during this time is the decline in the number of people working in the tourism sector and constant threat of shutdown for the local business. Decline or Rejuvenation- Starting from the stagnation point there are two possibilities which is either the decline of the market or the rejuvenation of the market. Decline may be slow and occurs after a long time but rejuvenation can occur if there is a large scale investment which leads to the opening of new roads for the business to survive. Conclusion The research is based on the identification of the different strategies of Turkey in developing itself as a tourist Nation in the near future. The research has met its aims as because it has identified the planning of the country for the coming years to develop itself as a country known for its tourist attractiveness. However the main concerns of the country is the sharp fall in the sector due to the rise in the number of insurgencies. The authorities have been trying hard to stop such events but have not been able to make a remarkable breakthrough. However recent statistics of 2017 shows a rise in the tourist footfalls and even the low rate of cancellations of trips from tourists. Such events show the gradual turnover of the tourism sector and its return to the golden days. References Ak?n, S., Altan, M. K., Kara, F. O., Atsan, T. (2015). The potential of rural tourism in Turkey: the case study of Cayonu.Pak. J. Agri. Sci,52(3), 853-859. Andergassen, R., Candela, G., Figini, P. (2013). An economic model for tourism destinations: Product sophistication and price coordination. Tourism Management,37, 86-98. Aslan, A. (2016). Does tourism cause growth? Evidence from Turkey.Current Issues in Tourism,19(12), 1176-1184. Balli, F., Balli, H. O., Cebeci, K. (2013). Impacts of exported Turkish soap operas and visa-free entry on inbound tourism to Turkey. Tourism Management,37, 186-192. Bianchi, R. V. (2014). Towards a New Political Economy of Global Tourism Revisited.Tourism and Development. Concepts and Issues, 2nd Edition. London: Channel View, 287-331. Egresi, I. (2016). Alternative Tourism: Definition and Characteristics. InAlternative Tourism in Turkey(pp. 57-69). Springer International Publishing. Ertugrul, H. M., Mangir, F. (2015). The tourism-led growth hypothesis: empirical evidence from Turkey.Current Issues in Tourism,18(7), 633-646. Giritlioglu, I., Koroglu, O., Avcikurt, C., Koroglu, A. (2014). An Investigation of the Publication of Books about Tourism Education in Turkey.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,116, 2044-2048. Gozgor, G., Demir, E., Bilgin, M. H. (2017). The effects of the military in politics on the inbound tourism: evidence from Turkey.Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research,22(8), 885-893. Karaden?z, E., Beyazgl, M. (2016). Analysis of cash conversion cycles of publicly held tourism companies: comparison of Turkey and some European countries.Anatolia: Turizm Arastirmalari Dergisi,27(2), 243-257. Katircioglu, S. T. (2014). International tourism, energy consumption, and environmental pollution: The case of Turkey.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,36, 180-187. Moufakkir, O., Reisinger, Y. (Eds.). (2013).The host gaze in global tourism. CABI. Peeters, P. M. (2013). Developing a long-term global tourism transport model using a behavioural approach: implications for sustainable tourism policy making.Journal of Sustainable Tourism,21(7), 1049-1069. Polat, Z., Demirel, O. (2016). Evaluation of alternative tourism in the light of natural, cultural and visual resources in Turkey landscape.Journal of Environmental Protection and Ecology,17(3), 1220-1228. Somer, M. E. (2014). A New Approach for Sustainable Tourism in Turkey.New scenarios for the Touristic European Maritime Coast, 17-28. Von Bergner, N. M., Lohmann, M. (2014). Future challenges for global tourism: A Delphi survey.Journal of Travel Research,53(4), 420-432.

Negotiation Bargaining

Table of Contents Introduction Human Needs theory Application of the theory Virtues and limitations References Introduction In his theory of human motivation, Abraham Marslow (1943) classified human needs into five classes, which included physiological, safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization. In his motivation theory, he argued that the integrated wholeness of a person should always form the basis of the theory, with emphasis being on the fulfillment of one’s goals and objectives.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Negotiation Bargaining-Human Need Theory specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Marslow further argued that human needs occur in hierarchical manner; meaning that the satisfaction of a particular need relies on satisfaction of another need, and new needs are created or whenever the old needs are satisfied. With man being a wanting animal, there is no time he will ever be satisfied and thus the motivation to satisfy the needs drives to behave and adopt character that can lead to conflicts with others. We can therefore argue that human needs are often described as the major factors that explain how human beings behave as well as how they interact with others. With all individuals having needs that require to be fulfilled, everybody strives towards satisfying those needs no matter the process. As a person tries to satisfy his or her needs, he or she may in the process conflict with the other and thus a need to understand how you can solve the conflict. In trying to define the source of conflict, experts have come up with theories that consider how the conflicts can be solved. One such theory is the Human Needs Theory. In his book, Deviance, Terrorism and War: The process of solving unsolved social and political problems (1979), Burton, while quoting Abraham Marslow conception of human growth through the satisfaction of the five basic human needs grouped under physi ological, safety, love or belongingness, esteem and self actualization, argues that with the satisfaction of these five basic needs, conflicts would be solved very easily. According to Burton, rather than covering the five basic needs in Marslow’s concept, he reframed and modified the concept and stated that in order to solve the conflicts that continue harming humankind, the other needs most needed to be understood and be satisfied were those of identity, security, recognition, and personal development. He explained that absence of systems that emphasizes the need for an identity continues to be the primary cause of conflicts experienced everywhere in the world. The fact that conflicts will always arise as human beings try to satisfy their basic needs require a qualified resolver or negotiator to intervene. The person should be armed with high levels of communication competencies in order to solve the conflict because the ability to â€Å"complete the negotiations is a set of competencies to themselves† (Hudson, Grisham, Srinivasan Moussa, p2, 2005).Advertising Looking for research paper on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Solving a conflict through negotiation includes agreements, designs, or construction, which should tackle the problem effectively. Therefore, careful negotiation skills are always required to ensure the conflict is managed efficiently. The following are some of the cases of how you can apply human need theory and negotiations in managing a conflict. Human Needs theory The human needs perspective of negotiation builds on the assumption that all humans have known biological and social needs that are usually driven by both emotions and values which have to be satisfied. The needs cannot be used outside the social context. It has been known that humans use both the power in their possession and sometimes coercion to fulfill their needs. This, therefore, creates a conflict. By forcing other people to respond to their needs they create conflicts that frustrates attainment of needs. A human need shall then support either a loss, gain or aspirations frame for interpreting the words. The Marslow approach assumed that most people are motivated by their own needs thus engaging in the types of behavior in order to satisfy them. The needs involve both material and non-material satisfiers and this makes the priorities confused. In this case, negotiation provides an opportunity for people to assess and prioritize their needs (Spangle Isenhart, 2003) Application of the theory The theory can be applied in a family case where conflicts are day-to-day occurrences as every member tries to realize his or her needs. For example, a neighbor who values holding properties as a basis for needs gratification may fight with neighbors over the location where the fence should be erected. The theory of human needs and negotiation skills has been applied in trying to s olve the ethnic and religious conflicts (Anonymous, 2009). An example of international cases where negotiations have been used to solve conflicts includes the conflict between Israel and Palestine over the possession of Gaza. The two countries have been in conflict on which country should claim possession of Gaza and negotiators have been trying to use human needs theory and the negotiation skills although to no avail. Example of other instances where negotiations on human needs have been applied include in issues about the global warming and the cutting of carbon emissions through out the world. Countries have been negotiating on what needs to be done and the challenges likely to be faced if the world is to reduce the carbon emissions. The situation demands the needs of developed world and developing world to be assessed and put into consideration during the negotiations and when drafting of agreements.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Negotiation Ba rgaining-Human Need Theory specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Virtues and limitations The virtues and limitations of the theory according to Rubenstein (ND) are that the theory allows those who seek to find solutions to conflicts a chance to make a sound distinction between the issues which need law, negotiations or even power and those that that can be solved only by employing other measures. When one understands the Human Needs Theory, he or she knows there is no way needs can be traded and that makes Sandole (2000) when quoting Burton to indicate that â€Å"distinguishing needs-based conflicts, and the processes of conflict resolution properly so called, from interest-based disputes and the processes characteristic of strategic studies, conventional diplomacy, and alternative dispute resolution.† The other fact is that, when the resolver of the conflict is armed with all the basic concepts of the human needs theory, he or she will be able to understand both the tricky and the contradicting issues. This will enable him or her to understand whether there is a need to initiate a negotiation or is a dispute they are trying to solve. If the problem, for example, has been brought up by different personal identities, it will be necessary for one resolving the conflict to be analytical by exposing the differences and the interests that lie in satisfying the needs of the parties involved in the conflict. Therefore, in the end, he or she can be able to offer a wide range of possible solutions in order to solve the conflict amicably. If the resolver can be able to classify the unsatisfied need among the parties in a conflict, then he or she can be able to explain who ever is trying to have control or manipulate the other in the conflict. Finally, a good understanding of the theory enables the resolver to understand the relationship between the conflict and the conflict solution thus in the end he or she will be abl e to provide a long lasting solution. If the conflicting parties are able to identify their unsatisfied needs, its only then they can be able to discuss and consider the methods of accommodating each other and thus the necessity of understanding the human needs theory. However, despite the successes of the theory, there exist limitations to which the theory can be applied. Experts have argued that establishing an objective basis for the salient needs as indefensibly de-contextualized (Avruch, 1998).Advertising Looking for research paper on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Further Development: There has never been a theory that can satisfy the human needs fully and thus as human beings try to satisfy their needs, conflicts will always arise. Thus, the human needs theory can be developed further by ensuring the identity need in the context of a personal or group history is established even before entering into the negotiation process. The theory can also be further developed at investigating the needs and satisfiers which might be available thus reducing chances of a conflict arising. Finally, the theory presents solutions at general and abstract levels thus there is a need of making the theory more centered in understanding the basics needs role in the conflict. References Anonymous. (2009). Reducing Violence: Applying the Human Needs Theory to the Conflict in Chechnya. Review of International Law and Politics (RILP), Vol.3, No.11, 2007, pp.89-108.  Retrieved from http://www.turkishweekly.net/article/308/reducing-violence-applying-the-human-needs-th eory-to-the-conflict-in-chechnya.html Avruch, K. (1999. Culture and Conflict Resolution. Washington, DC: U.S. Institute of Peace. Retrieved from https://books.google.com/books?id=OofmUheyGJACprintsec=frontcoverdq=Culture+and+conflict+resolution.source=blots=bJjDnURiVssig=q-zCyt_XTxKzCrhqz5byY7bwOWkhl=enei=9ExuTb23K4nQrQe-9dHtDgsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=1ved=0CBsQ6AEwADgK#v=onepageqf=false Burton, J. (1990). Conflict: Resolution and Prevention. New York: St. Martins Press. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/pss/1094952 Hudson, K., Grisham, T., Srinivasan, P. Moussa, N. (2005). Conflict Management, Negotiation, and Effective Communication: Essential Skills for Project Managers. Retrieved from http://thomasgrisham.com/attachments/File/Conflict_Management_AIPM_Australia.pdf Marslow, A. (1943). A Theory of Human Motivation. Retrieved from http://emotionalliteracyeducation.com/abraham-maslow-theory-human-motivation.shtml. Rubenstein, R, (Not Dated. Basic Human Needs: The Next St eps in Theory Development. International Journal of Peace Studies. Retrieved from http://www.gmu.edu/programs/icar/ijps/vol6_1/Rubenstein.htm Sandole, J.D. (2000). John Burton’s contribution to conflict resolution theory and practice: a personal view. The International Journal of Peace Studies. Retrieved from http://www.gmu.edu/programs/icar/ijps/vol6_1/Sandole.htm Spangle, M., Isenhart, W.W. (2003). Negotiation: communication for diverse settings. NY: SAGE Publishers. Retrieved from https://books.google.com/books?id=_9jzWCwkRnACpg=PA438dq=Negotiation:+communication+for+diverse+%09settings.+SAGE+Publishers.hl=enei=H1FuTefGNsKJrAfHw8j4Dgsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=1ved=0CDEQ6AEwAA#v=onepageqf=false This research paper on Negotiation Bargaining-Human Need Theory was written and submitted by user Er1c to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

denmark essays

denmark essays Denmark is a constitutional monarchy in northwestern Europe. It is the southern most of the Scandinavian countries. Copenhagen is Denmarks capital. The country is administratively the country is divided 14 counties and 275 local authorities. Margaret II, who became queen in 1972, currently heads the country. The revised constitution of 1953 provides for succession to the throne in the female line and for a unicameral legislature, called the Folketing. I pick up in history where this class roughly starts in the 1400s. Waldemar IVs (1340-75) daughter Margaret I (1387-1412) was in power and she created the Kalmar union, which included Denmark, Norway, Sweden, the Faeroe Islands, Iceland, Greenland, and part of Finland. In 1520 Sweden and Finland revolted, seceding 1523. In 1448 the house of Oldenburg was established on the throne in the person Christian I and has continued to rule Denmark up to the present day. In 1523 Christian II was driven from the Danish throne, then followed a period of unrest. Unrest was settled when Christian III consolidated his power as king of Denmark. Also in 1523 the Kalmar union was dissolved, but Denmark and Norway remain united. During his reign Denmark was involved in a reformation and Denmark becomes Lutheran. 1618-48, Christian IV intervened in the thirty years war as a champion of Protestantism. Territorial losses were endured as a result of the wars with Sweden. In the 18th century it was a peri od of internal reform, which included the abolition if serfdom and land reforms. In the 19th century Denmark economically prospered despite the many military defeats the country was involved in. In 1849, King Frederick VII authorized a new constitution instituting a representative form of government and a wide range of social and educational reforms took place. In 1866 the Danish constitution was revised, making the upper chamber (Landsting) more powerful than the lower house (Fo ...

How to Write a Romance Novel ðŸ ðŸ

How to Write a Romance Novel ðŸ’â€" 📕 How to Write a Romance Novel Romance novels have always captured our hearts - they contain the intrigue, intimacy, and basic human drama that all readers love. And while it was once a â€Å"shameful† genre read mostly in secret, romance today is having a huge moment, with mega-popular books like Outlander and Crazy Rich Asians even being adapted for film and TV. So why not get in on the zeitgeist and learn how to write a romance novel of your very own?Luckily, though love itself may be hard to explain, the process of writing about it isn’t. Here are our seven best tips for writing romance, including all the crucial elements you need. We’ll use examples from a variety of sources to show you how to employ them - though not all these examples are strictly romance themselves, their tropes and techniques are key to the genre. How to write romance that'll make your readers swoon  Ã°Å¸Ëœ  1. Find your nicheIf you've never even tried to write romance before, don’t worry - we’ll start you off easy. The first thing to know is that the genre, like Walt Whitman, is large and contains multitudes. There’s no one right way to write romance, as evidenced by the fact that it encompasses so many subgenres!Popular subgenres of romance include:HistoricalContemporaryYoung adultFantasyParanormal/supernaturalReligious or spiritualEroticSo if you’re concerned that your writing won’t â€Å"fit† with the genre, never fear: you just have to find the right niche. And the best way to do that is by reading romance yourself! Of course, you may have already read quite a bit within a particular subgenre and you’re confident that’s where you fit in. But if not, now’s the time to explore the many glorious facets that romance has to offer. 2. Set the stage effectivelySetting is absolutely paramount in romance. Why? Well, for a couple of reasons:Romance is all about escape - and if the setting isn’t immersive enough, readers won’t be able to lose themselves in the story.Many romance authors go on to write a series based on their first novel (more on that later). So the setting needs to be a place both reader and author will want to return to, book after book.What defines a strong setting in romance?Contemporary romances tend to have cozy, small-scale settings: quaint villages, college campuses, etc. There might be a local haunt where the main characters frequently meet (such as a diner or bookstore), and where gossiping friends and neighbors hang around to add a bit of comedy. If you’re sticking to the standard, you’ll want to have one of these â€Å"compact† settings where people can’t help but run into each other. 😉If you’re writing for a more specific subgenre , however, your setting could take on different qualities. For example, the historical romance Outlander takes place in a small settlement in the Scottish Highlands, but the constant tension and violence that occurs there doesn’t exactly make for a cutesy, cozy setting. Nevertheless, it works for the story because threats from the outside ultimately bring the main couple closer together. A strong main couple is key to compulsively readable romance. Image: Buena Vista Pictures4. Use tried-and-true tropesNow we’re getting into the meat and potatoes of the story. Again, there are so many possible paths for your main couple to take, it’d be impossible to describe them all! But here are just a few tried-and-true devices that many romance authors have used successfully. (If you’re hungry for more, you can always check out this post on classic romance tropes.)Friends/enemies to loversTwo of the most beloved romantic devices of all time. The main couple knows each other, but they just don’t see each other in that way - or they may not like each other at all.  Ã°Å¸Ëœ § Luckily, all that's about to change.Friends to lovers tends to work best when there’s another big conflict or project distracting one or both of the main characters, so they don’t get together until the very end. This is basically the plot of that Netflix movie Set I t Up: the two main characters are so focused on getting their bosses to fall in love, they don’t realize that they themselves would make a great couple.Enemies to lovers is the perfect device for two characters who clash in some fundamental way. For example, one might be very Type A and the other more Type B (see: 27 Dresses). Or one is a hardworking single parent while the other is a spoiled rich bachelor/bachelorette who’s never had to work a day in their lives (see: Overboard).And of course, there’s always enemies to friends to lovers - arguably the most effective and realistic iteration of this trope, as evidenced by Pride and Prejudice and When Harry Met Sally. The hero and heroine hate each other at first sight, gradually get to know one another and become friends, and ultimately fall deeply in love. It’s the perfect combination of fiery tension and genuine connection, and if you can pull it off, the payoff is incredibly satisfying.One helps the ot her one healAs we discussed, the hero in romance often has some deep psychological wound inflicted by his past. (The heroine can, too, but it’s more common among heroes.) It might just be a backstory detail, but it can also serve as a source of conflict for your couple: the damage impedes their relationship or his mental health, so the heroine has to help the hero heal.A prime example of this device occurs in Me Before You, in which the heroine, Louisa, literally becomes a carer for a quadriplegic man named Will. Will is bitter and depressed at first, but eventually he opens up to Lou and becomes much less negative - not to mention he helps her see own potential. We’re not going to give out any spoilers, but it’s safe to say that he’s much better off for having met her, and both agree that their time together was invaluable.Choosing each other all over againAh, the quintessential trope of Rachel McAdams movies. For those who haven’t seen The Noteb ook or The Vow, this device involves the hero and heroine either being separated for a very long time, or one of them outright forgetting who the other one is - due to amnesia, dementia, or some supernatural phenomenon. Then they have to choose each other all over again, hence proving that they’re well and truly soulmates. (For a more recent example, check out the season four Black Mirror episode â€Å"Hang the DJ.†)Also remember that, as much as readers love these devices, it’s still important to put your own spin on them. Infuse unique elements to add intrigue/suspense, or just for pure entertainment! For example, Ten Things I Hate About You is based on Shakespeare’s classic romantic comedy The Taming of the Shrew - but it’s set in modern day with high schoolers, which makes it much more fresh and accessible. A new romance book template... that's made for you Read post One of the best tactics for writing intimate scenes is to simply study those that you think are written well. The author you emulate will depend on your subgenre and personal taste, but some mainstream authors who write good, nuanced love and sex scenes are Curtis Sittenfeld, Sally Rooney, and yes, Nicholas Sparks. The more you read and hone your own language for it, the better your love scenes will be. Trust us: your readers will thank you. Tips for writing love scenes 🔠¥ and more on how to write romance ⠝ ¤Ã¯ ¸  6. Don’t neglect secondary charactersWhile the main couple is obviously where most of your characterization focus should be, secondary characters are critical to a well-rounded romance. After all, when the heroine’s agonizing over her hot-and-cold text conversation with the hero, who’s she going to ask for advice? Why, her Tinder aficionado roommate, of course.Secondary characters fill out the world of your romance novel. Friends, family, neighbors, coworkers, and even arch-enemies - say, someone who’s competing with one of your main characters for the other character’s interest - all contribute to making the story come to life.Best friends are typically the most important secondary characters in romance, since they’re the ones who dispense advice, give pep talks, and generally add color to the story. They’re often a little bit quirky, but that’s why the main characters love them†¦ and why readers do too!Still, ensure tha t most of the focus remains on your main couple, as we mentioned. Former Harlequin editor Ann Leslie Tuttle notes that secondary characters can sometimes become â€Å"too pervasive† in romance, which is a big no-no. â€Å"You don’t want to run the risk of making them more interesting than your own hero and heroine,† she says.Series potential?Having a solid secondary character presence is especially important if you want to turn your novel into a series. There are a few ways to create a series from a standalone romance, but one of the easiest (and most enticing to readers!) is to write the next novel about one (or two) of the secondary characters - especially best friends, siblings, or romantic competitors of the main characters. Emily Giffin does this seamlessly in her novels, Something Borrowed and Something Blue: two of the heroine’s best friends in the first book, who initially seem like opposites, end up getting together in the sequel.This strategy i s great because it ensures a smooth transition from book to book, since readers will already be familiar with the setting and cast of characters. Plus, it sets you up for a cycle that you could theoretically repeat ad infinitum: each new sequel simply centers around characters who were secondary in the previous book. Best of luck and have fun romancing your readers!  Ã°Å¸â€™ËœWhat's one of the best ways to hone your romance writing craft? Reading, of course! Here are some Reedsy Discovery lists of romance books to get you started (and possibly find your niche):40+ Paranormal Romance Books with Bite30+ Best Young Adult Romance Books That You Can't Miss Out OnThe 10 Best Historical Romance Novels Like Outlander

Business of Fashion COS shopping mystery Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business of Fashion COS shopping mystery - Essay Example The essay "Business of Fashion COS shopping mystery" concerns Business and Fashion. The objective of establishing COS was therefore to provide people like these with the opportunity to purchase classy and fashionable goods without necessarily paying exorbitant amounts of money. On the other hand, it is also important to note that offering cheap products was not part of this strategy; the goods were supposed to be cheaper but not cheap. Finally, after months of talking about it, I visited the COS Flagship Store at 222 Regent St – near Oxford Circus. I must say that the store had a very good ambience, and the setting gave it a grandeur that I did not expect to see given the â€Å"cheaper† slogan that H&M had adopted for use in selling COS to its customers. The store was generally clean, and the dressing rooms were nice, presentable and welcoming. The attendants were all dressed in casual clothing, which was not a surprise considering the line of work they were in. From th e entrance, I could see both classic and casual attire. It is also worth mentioning that all the employees wore the current season trends from the brand; this is a promotional strategy that is used by businesses all over the world. If you want to popularize your products and get people to use them, start closer to home. One thing that left me disappointed during my visit was the service. I mean, it is one thing to set up shop, and a different thing to create good customer service that promotes a good rapport between a business and its customers.

How Does Paid Employment Affect Your Identity Essay - 1

How Does Paid Employment Affect Your Identity - Essay Example 19). It is conceptualized based on numerous elements such as ethnic group, social class, sex, religious beliefs and practices, age, status in the social order, profession, race, level of education attained,area of residence, political views and affiliations, hobbies, membership to a group or movement or an organization, sports, society, and social relationships with others. Identity is important in helping a person to determine their rank, in relation to other society members, within a community and, in distinguishing an individual’s reference point. Employment and occupation are one of the primary determinants of an individual’s identity. Paid employment is a central element in defining an individual. In the modern times, it is at the center of most people’s lives and a key means of attaining financial security, individual identity, and away of making a significant impact to welfare of the society. It is largely applied in classifying individuals into social cla sses and determining their social status. Nevertheless, values of an individual ought to be considered when determining one’s identity. ... ixed and constant but rather fragmented and dynamic, makeable and re-makeable depending on the manner a person acts within the social system or in our interactions with others (Brown, Kirpal & Rauner 2007, p. 45). Paid employment shapes an individual’s sense of self and identity through several mechanisms. It helps build a person’s image, confidence, self-esteem, competency, values and beliefs. Paid employment creates chances for the advancement of different abilities, the recognition and achievement of a person’s potential and the growth of interests. In addition, it helps in achievement of personal goals and roles, boosts output and achievements, as well as builds opportunities for personal assignation, challenges, self-actualization and fulfillment (Akerlof & Kranton 2000, p. 727). Paid employment influences affects and feelings, such as feelings of independence, builds optimism and vision, leads to achievement of personal values and preferences, creates a cul ture of responsibility and brings pleasure and satisfaction (Brown, Kirpal & Rauner 2007, p. 87). Individuals in paid employment usually develop work-based identities. Work based identities are largely unstable especially in the current inconstant work environments; when an individual changes occupations, the society also changes the way they view him/her (Constant, Gataullina & Zimmerman 2006, p. 96). For instance, research indicates that an increasing number of university graduates are shifting from their areas of study/specialization and turning to other jobs such as plumbers and builders. A classic example is Karl Gensberg, a molecular biologist, who compared his earnings with his plumber's and resolved to quit his work as a professional molecular biologist earning ?23,000 yearly (Ibarra 2003, p. 59).

Gay Men Born Gay Essay Example for Free

Gay Men Born Gay Essay Gay men often claim that even as children they knew they were somehow different from other boys. Many say that sense even preceded puberty. And yet, though researchers have tried for decades to identify a biological basis for homosexuality which seems to be present in all human societies they have mostly come up dry. Tantalizing clues have surfaced: gays are more likely to be left-handed, for instance. But in the end, there has been little proof that biology is sexual destiny. Now new research offers evidence that there may indeed be a physiological basis for sexual orientation. In a study of 41 brains taken from people who died before age 60, Simon LeVay, a biologist at San Diegos Salk Institute for Biological Studies, found that one tiny region in the brain of homosexual men was more like that in women than that in heterosexual men. Sexuality is an important part of who we are, notes LeVay, who is gay. And now we have a specific part of the brain to look at and to study. That specific part is found at the front of the hypothalamus in an area of the brain that is known to help regulate male sexual behavior. Within this site, LeVay looked at four different groupings of cells, technically referred to as the interstitial nuclei of the anterior hypothalamus, or INAH for short. Other researchers had already reported that INAH 2 and 3 were larger in men than in women. LeVay hypothesized that one or both of them might vary with sexual orientation as well. Routine autopsies provided the tissue LeVay needed. All 19 homosexual men had died of AIDS. So had six of the 16 presumed heterosexual men and one of the six women. Although LeVay hoped to include lesbians in his study, he was unable to obtain brains from women identified as such. After careful examination of the brain samples, he found that the INAH-3 areas of most of the women and homosexual men were about the same size. In straight men this region was on average twice as large or about the size of a grain of sand. In the past, much research on sexual orientation has focused on the role of interpersonal relationships in early childhood. Psychological literature is replete with material suggesting that male homosexuality is triggered by relationships with an overly protective mother or with a distant, even hostile father. Here is a whole other way of looking at the question, says LeVay. These children may already be determined to become homosexual or heterosexual. The development plan that is laid out for them may be what causes them to develop certain troubled relationships with their parents. LeVays findings are certain to trigger a good deal of controversy. Many technical aspects of the study are subject to question, as the author concedes. He cannot be certain, for instance, that all the heterosexual men in the control group were heterosexual. And since the AIDS virus attacks the brain, the size difference could be an artifact of the disease. It is also possible that the difference actually has nothing to do with sexual orientation or that it is the result rather than the cause of homosexuality. (2 of 3) My freshman biology students know enough to sink this study, declares Anne Fausto-Sterling, professor of medical science at Brown University. Others are more receptive to LeVays work. It makes sense, says Laura Allen, a neuroanatomist at the University of California, Los Angeles. Finding a difference in the INAH, which influences male sexual behavior, is what one would expect. The finding also has social implications. People who believe that sexual orientation is a choice help legitimize discrimination against homosexuals, says Melissa Hines, a UCLA psychologist. But if it is immutable, or partly so, then that argues for legal protections. The new study is the second to find some sort of difference between the hypothalami of gay and straight men. Last year a Dutch research team discovered that another group of neurons in this tiny gland is larger in homosexual than in straight men. But some scientists believe this structure governs daily rhythms rather than sexual behavior, so it is difficult to see any significance in the finding. Investigations of right- and left-handedness have also provided evidence of a physiological distinction. Sandra Witelson, a professor of psychiatry at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ont. , has found more left-handers among homosexual women in her studies than among heterosexual women. Others have made the same observation among men. Since hand preference may be determined in part by the influence of sex hormones on the brain during gestation, Witelson believes these early hormonal influences could also play a role in sexual orientation. Animal studies provide a good deal of evidence for a biological basis of sexual orientation. Through careful manipulation of hormone levels in newborn rats, Roger Gorski, a neuroendocrinologist at UCLA, has been able to produce male rodents that demonstrate feminine behavior. Other researchers, working with mice, have noted that female fetuses that develop between two male fetuses in a litter appear to be masculinized to some degree by their brothers testosterone. They look more like males than females, mature more slowly, have fewer reproductive cycles as adults and are less attractive to male mice. In many species, particularly among mammals, homosexual-like activity is an integral part of social interaction. As any cattle rancher can attest, cows frequently mount each other. Apparently this ensures that all the females coordinate their reproductive cycles and then produce their calves at the same time. Female rhesus monkeys mount other females as a way of establishing a dominant rank in their troops hierarchy. (3 of 3) Researchers estimate that a third of American males experiment sexually with each other during their teen years, even though approximately 9 out of 10 eventually settle into relationships with girls. But both men and women may switch gears later on or be bisexual throughout life. There are some people in whom sexual orientation does not maintain itself, says June Reinisch, director of the Kinsey Institute for Research in Sex, Gender and Reproduction at Indiana University. Its not a matter of what they prefer; its whom they fall in love with. She cites the example of a woman who fell in love with and was married to a man for 10 years, then at the age of 30 fell in love with a woman and spent 11 years in that relationship, and at 41 fell in love with a man. Clearly, even if sexual orientation does have a biological basis in the brain, it is not necessarily fixed. All of us believe that genetic and hormonal influences are involved in homosexuality, says Reinisch, but theres also an interaction with the environment. Over the years much research on homosexuality has been motivated by a desire to eradicate the behavior rather than understand, let alone celebrate, diversity.

explain ho wchristians put these ideas into practice :: essays research papers

Believing in helping and assisting less privileged people than ourselves is one thing but putting these beliefs into practice is another. Many people often have these ideas of how they may be able to help people but a lot of them never actually do it and at the most may put five pounds into a collection tin. There are many things that can be done where you can personally help and experience the cause you are helping. ‘Go, sell everything you have and give to the poor and you will have treasure in heaven’ this quote represents the most basic thing people do for charity; giving to charity. Most people do this but not to the lengths this quote encourages people to do. People nowadays would not be willing enough to give up all their possessions to help the poor. There are a few exceptions. People like St Mother Teresa gave up everything and went and lived in poverty with the sick and the poor to teach them about the bible and to teach them English, maths and skills to ease the hardship on their lives. Another very basic thing people do where available is buy fair trade products. A lot of the time farmers are unable to break even in their farming so they spend more money on the actual farming as they get in return for their products. Because of this, people often get drawn into the cycle of poverty. There are hundreds of fair trade products available. For example you can buy fair trade chocolate which is often a lot nicer than unfair trade chocolate from a producer like Nestle who are being investigated for encouraging exploitation of the poor in LEDC’s. Overall fair Trade is not about charity. It's about paying a fair price for the products that we use, eat and wear. It ensures that you get top quality goods and the people who produce them get paid fairly. It's a practical solution to many of the problems that keep the world's poorest people in poor. One of the more involving activities people do to help the poor and less fortunate is to go and be an aid worker in another country. Either to go and help as a medical worker or as one who delivers aid to the needy and helps to teach new skills to help people in life. ‘Heal the sick, raise the dead, cleanse those who have leprosy and drive out demons.

Primary Education In Malaysia Education Essay

Primary instruction in Malaysia is under the legal power of the Ministry of Education. It is the goverment duty to give a formal instruction towards kids. Usualy, in Malaysia the mandatory instruction Begin at the age of seven. To do certain that the pupil has improve on their instruction, it is been set that pupil have to sit for public scrutiny at the terminal of primary instruction to continue to the higher degree of instruction. In Malaysia, there are alterations in course of study of instruction. It starts with the Old Primary School Curriculum before 1982 so it alter into New Primary School Curriculum and now instruction in Malaysia is utilizing Standard Primary School Curriculum. Old Primary School Curriculum ( KLSR ) start since Malaya gained independency. Rahman Talib Report the capable reappraisal commission has been established to reexamine the national instruction policy as proposed in the Razak Report that has been established to reexamine the national instruction policy as proposed in the Razak Report that has been made on 1956 and early instruction policy before the 1957 Education Ordinance. There are three phases of instruction system on this course of study. In this course of study, the purpose is to learn all the pupils on how to read and compose. Students had been examined to cognize their ability. Based on Rahman Talib Report, all pupils must go through in Bahasa Melayu paper. On 1979, Old Primary School Curriculum ( KLSR ) has been change into New Primary School Curriculum ( KBSR ) . This is because the cabinet commission has found that Old Primary School Curriculum ( KLSR ) have it failing in many ways. Such as, the course of study has been rep eated and does non hold connexion towards each other. In footings of course of study it is rather a batch and it make the pupils felt bored. Besides, the course of study activities that have been done had been teach individually from the course of study and does non hold any connexion with the formal instruction. New Primary School Curriculum ( KBSR ) has been made due to the alterations that had been made by the study of the cabinet commission in execution of Education Policy issued in 1979. New Primary School Curriculum ( KBSR ) has been launched to the full in 1983. The of import aim of New Primary School Curriculum ( KBSR ) is to do certain that the pupils appreciate and master the Malay linguistic communication as the national linguistic communication and as a tool for solidarity with satisfaction. It besides focused on emphasizes command of basic accomplishments of reading, composing and arithmetic ( 3M ) . New Primary School Curriculum ( KBSR ) besides focused on the pupils holistic in footings of physical, emotion, religious, rational and societal. New Primary School Curriculum ( KBSR ) had been divided into three basic field ; communicating, humanity with the environment and field of self-development. Standard Primary School Curriculum ( KSSR ) were produce to reorganise and better the bing course of study to guarantee that pupils are provided with the cognition, accomplishments and relevant values to the current demands and challenges of the twenty-first century. The purpose of execution Standard Primary School Curriculum ( KSSR ) replacing the New Primary School Curriculum ( KBSR ) is to increase pupil involvement in the English topic. In Standard Primary School Curriculum ( KSSR ) , there are six spikes of course of study that has been design, that is communicating, religious, attitude and value, humanistic disciplines, physical and aesthetic development of scientific discipline and engineering proficiency ego. This course of study are utilizing course of study criterions papers and the design of the course of study is modular. There are two phase in the course of study administration and Standard Primary School Curriculum ( KSSR ) besides concentrating on get the hanging readi ng, composing, mathematics and concluding ( 4M ) every bit good as basic accomplishments and information engineering ( ICT ) . In decision, the Ministry of Education ever tried the best to better the instruction systems in Malaysia particularly from the first phase, which is in primary school. Teachers and pupils have to understand and seeking their best to give the cooperation with the construction course of study that has been made by the ministry of instruction. Primary instruction is a really good starting motor to develop the kids to be the best among the best by utilizing the course of study of instruction in Malaysia.

My Personal Learning Styles

My Personal Learning Style Learning has been going on since the beginning of human kind and is still going on in today’s world. While in the beginning they did not study how they learned they still accomplished many things. Now we study how we learn so that we can hopefully learn more efficiently to accomplish things beyond our wildest dreams. Today I took to learning style quizzes in hopes of learning more about my personal learning styles so that I may improve myself. Today in this essay we will explore learning styles that equate with a preferred bodily sense through which one receives information.The three that are the most popular and explored are visual, auditory, and kinesthetic. Gaining knowledge about things that connect to the real world that we walk in everyday is of great interest to me. In saying that, I chose to pursue a degree in Public Health, because it something I see every day and became very intrigued by. My chose to obtain a degree also came out of wanting to better myself and the people around me. A very important reason that I wanted to acquire my degree is so that I could be more financially capable to providing a comfortable life for my family.Finishing a Bachelor’s Degree in Public Health would also give me a great deal of pride in myself. The two quizzes that I took today were the Felder and Soloman Quiz and the Learning Styles Quiz. They both gave me some good insight to how I learn and suggestions to help me learn more efficiently in any leaning environment. The results from the Felder and Soloman quiz showed me that I was reflective, sensing, verbal, and sequential which seemed to very accurate (Felder & Soloman, n. d. ). As a reflective learner I prefer to think it through quietly, working alone, and taking notes while listening to lectures (Felder & Soloman, n. . ). Being a Sensor tells me that I tend to enjoy learning about facts to the real world, solving problems with well-established methods, and I am patient wi th details (Felder & Soloman, n. d. ). Verbal learning is something I have always enjoyed I just get more out of words–written and spoken explanations (Felder & Soloman, n. d. ). Writing out or seeing steps in my head while trying to process information points to sequential learning where the learner tends to follow logical stepwise paths in finding solutions (Felder & Soloman, n. d. ).The learning styles quiz focused on visual, auditory and kinesthetic learning styles which made it very straight forward. After taking this quiz the results showed me to be more of an auditory learner with sixty-four percent. As far as visual and kinesthetic learning both of the percentages were at eighteen percent so I definitely lean towards one method. As an auditory learner you prefer to learn by listening and often recall the words you've heard in your mind (Penn State, 2010). This quiz brought to my attention that while taking a written test, I am slow because of speaking to myself as you read (Penn State, 2010).The results of the quizzes that I took were very enlightening to me since I was of the belief that I really did not lean towards one learning style. Felder and Solomans’ quiz was the best out of the two that I experienced today because it was so full of information. I especially like that it gives you helpful tips on how to learn better with the learning styles that you have. Taking the quizzes today helped me better understand my learning style which I know will help me down the line while trying to learn anything.Basically what this essay boils down to is everyone has different ways of learning whether it is auditory, sensing or reflective. Knowing how I learn can be a very helpful tool in my success to completely my degree. Taking a quiz to learn about my learning style proved to be very insightful into my tactics taken while studying. In the end knowledge is power and knowing how to pour it into your mind with understanding is priceless. Reference s: http://www. engr. ncsu. edu/learningstyles/ilsweb. html http://www. howtolearn. com/learning-styles-quiz

Elvis death essays

Elvis' death essays Most people know that the king of rock n roll was Elvis Presley, but do they know when he died? On August 16, 1977, at 3:30 PM he was pronounced dead, due to a heart attack, according to the Washington Post. He accomplished many things in music, some that people never would have thought of. At the age of 42 he was at the peak of his career, or so he thought. What did the doctors say? What did his fans say? How big of a surprise was it? All of these questions are asked regarding Elvis death, and the answers are as follows. First, a little background on his accomplishments as a singer. Through his whole career, he sold more than 500 million records worldwide and made 33 films. He was a millionaire living in his Graceland Mansion behind locked gates. He had more money then anyone could ever dream of having. Elvis appealed mostly to young people living in the 1950s, and influenced their whole way of life including the way they dressed, the way they behaved, and their attitude. He was recognized all over the world as the creator of rock n roll by almost everyone. Although, people like Jackie Gleason said, he cant last....... he wont be popular for long. Others like former Beatle John Lennon said that he will live forever and his music will never die. Finally a comment from Carl Wilson of the Beach Boys said, his voice was a total miracle in the music business. Many people liked Elvis, very few did not. So, how did Elvis Presley die at the age of 42? According to Dr. Jerry Francisco, an autopsy, done on August 16, showed that he died of cardiac arrhythmia, which he described as a severely irregular heartbeat and just another name for a form of heart attack. The autopsy was three hours long and reportedly uncovered no sign of any other diseases and no sign of drug abuse. Althoug...

Why Write a Follow Up Email After Sending Resume

Why Write a Follow Up Email After Sending Resume Writing resumes is often a huge, anxiety-ridden feat. You need to follow certain rules to complete a resume. But dont worry you can always ask our experts to write your resume. After sending resumes, most people want to sit back and relax, considering their part of the job hunt over. However, theres an important step after youve sent out your resume. Ignoring it may cause you to miss some opportunities. Sending a follow-up email can make the crucial difference between getting a call for an interview or getting left in the discard pile. A follow-up email accomplishes a lot of things: It ensures that your email wasnt lost and/or that your resume made it into the right hands. It shows that you have initiative and that youre really interested in the position. Even if the hiring manager already looked through your resume, sending a follow-up email will cause them to pay special attention to it. When sending out your follow-up email, bear the following tips in mind: Send a Message to Your Contact If you happen to have a contact within the company you applied to, go ahead and send them a message letting them know that you sent your resume but havent had a response yet. They may be able to give you an insiders scoop on why not. It could be that the hiring manager is on vacation or the company is in the middle of a major overhaul. Or this may just be standard for them to take a long time before replying. Any heads up you can get from your contact will help you relax a little bit while you wait for a reply. Send a Message to Human Resources If you dont have a contact and you sent your resume blind, then you should do some research to find out who the companys human resources head is and shoot them an email about your resume. Sending an email directly to them will make you stand out from the crowd who didnt put the time or effort into finding out who would be hiring them. Be Brief Your message should be around 100 words. Dont ramble or bring up non-relevant topics. Be professional. Introduce yourself by including your full name and job title. Then include your reason for writing: I sent my resume to your company on December 5th and would like to make sure that it was received. Restate Your Skills and Experiences Go ahead and summarize your resumes highlights. This will help trigger their memory if they did read your resume and hopefully spark their interest in reading it if they havent. I have a Masters in Fine Arts and worked for five years as director of the Museum of Modern Art in San Francisco. Ive recently relocated to New York and am seeking a position at your museum. Thank Them for Their Time Showing some courtesy goes a long way. A lot of hiring managers are busy and its a drag to read resumes and check references so make sure you tell them: Thank you for taking the time to consider my resume. Re-attach Your Resume If, for some reason, your resume got lost in cyberspace or if they havent gotten around to reading it yet, make it easy for them. You can also benefit from such a situation because you will have one more chance to check if everything is good with your resume. You can even strengthen your resume by adding good adjectives for resume that you can find on our blog. Go ahead and re-attach your resume so they can have it at their fingertips after reading your email. That way they dont have to go digging around through their email to find it. If after looking through your resume, youve found out that it should be rewritten, follow these 8 steps to writing a magnetic resume. Send Another Email After Two Weeks If you havent heard back from them after two more weeks, go ahead and shoot off another email. Follow the same protocol as above, only this time its not necessary to re-attach your resume. And Another Two Weeks Later Try one more time, and if you dont hear back after that, you might have to accept that you struck out on this one. At least then you can start to focus your energy on other companies and will hopefully have earned some other interviews by then. Have any resume tricks up your sleeve? Wed appreciate your comments and suggestions!

Understand the Nature of Business Communication and How to Plan For It Assignment

Understand the Nature of Business Communication and How to Plan For It - Assignment Example Understand the Nature of Business Communication and How to Plan For It The primary emphasis has been allocated towards broadening the perspective of the acquiring company along with facilitating the company with the need for including non-financial components in the analysis such as meetings with IT system, manufacturing, distribution and marketing. It would further assist the acquiring company to have a proper understanding of the implications of the post integration needs as well as outcomes. Essentially, the prime focus has been placed on drawing out means and solutions for successful acquisition deal. Furthermore, the efforts have been concentrated on the transition along with identifying the ways to enhance cooperation between the two companies and working out the acquisition issues and concerns. With respect to the case, it has been recommended that the acquiring company should operate as a separate business as far as the integration of IT system is concerned. This is due to the reason that the analysis of the IT system in both the companies revea led that both the companies have different IT settings which make it harder for the acquiring company to integrate the IT system efficiently. Furthermore, it would require a lot of expenditure for the acquiring company to integrate the IT system. The integration of IT system will also be time consuming which will hinder the overall operations of both business organizations. Thus, it would be appropriate for the acquiring company to operate as a separate business entity in order to eliminate any possible hindrances arising due to the integration of IT system (Wickham & Wickham, 2008). With respect to the aspect manufacturing, it is suggested that the acquiring company should merge its all functionality as both the companies are engaged in manufacturing similar products and have similar product line. It has been ascertained from the secondary research conducted about both the companies related with the products that they manufactured. Additionally, merging its all the functionality wi ll enable the acquiring company to meet the requirements of its customers without any changes in the product line and without any additional costs as both the companies are engaged in the manufacturing of similar kinds of products. It will further facilitate the acquiring company to engage in mass production of products as well as integration of machinery. Moreover, it will reduce the costs associated with the manufacturing of products thereby promoting economies of scale for the acquiring company. It will also facilitate in acquiring trained employees and expertise with minimum cost and expenditure followed by increasing operational efficiencies. This will also reduce the hiring costs associated with the recruitment of new employees. Correspondingly, merging all the functional units of the acquiring company will unarguably enable both the companies to eliminate any possible flaws in their production and manufacturing process (Wickham & Wickham, 2008). In relation to distribution, i t is recommended after conducting secondary research that the acquiring company should merge nothing. It is due to the reason that the fleet of trucks owned by the soft candy company was not refrigerated and this fleet of trucks could not be used during the hot temperature months for distributing candies and cookies which contained chocolates. This

E-Portfolio Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

E-Portfolio - Essay Example SLO Assessment 1 The picture above shows the Shaolin Temple in Henan Province, China. The temple is famous throughout the world and is one of the greatest Buddhist temples in the world. This temple is a famous cultural site since it encourages martial arts particularly the Kung Fu. The construction of the temple occurred during the 15th Century therefore the monastery is a center of Shaolin traditions and history. According to Shahar (184), various Chinese emperors throughout history supported the temple hence illustrating the importance of the temple to Chinese traditions. The monastery has experienced destructions and rebuilt severally throughout the years. Dynasties fights throughout Chinese history, is responsible for most of the temple’s destructions. These destructions occurred under various emperors’ reign such as the Shunzhi and Kangzi emperors (Shahar, 184). These destructions helped spread Shaolin fighting styles throughout China. This is because the monks org anized retaliatory attacks by training the locals to fight against the attackers. These destructions are common in Chinese myths and legendary stories to date. This artifact demonstrates my understanding and skills in analyzing historical trends of Chinese Shaolin culture and the Buddhist religion. The artifact shows my proficiency of Buddhism and martial arts culture in China. The above artifact is the origin of Shaolin fighting culture in China. It therefore explains the spread and popularity of the martial arts culture in China. By being conversant with the above artifact, am able to show my proficiency of origin of a common culture in China. SLO 2 Assessment The above artifact shows the migration of the Aztecs into America in the 18th century. The artifact explains the migration of the Aztecs from Mexico. It shows that the Aztecs did not migrate north of America but Southern America beginning from Utah. The artifact explains the history of some of the migrating communities into the US in the 18th century. It provides evidence to prove the Aztecs migration through North America. Boone (163) argues that presence of Uto-Azteca language throughout in South Western states during this period is a sign of the Aztec migration. In addition, the corn plantations in South Western states is due to the Aztecs migration and presence. The artifact explains the presence of Aztec/Mexican culture in Western states as well as the connection between the North Western and South Western states (Boone, 164). It explains the use of Mexican place names in some of these states. This artifact shows my expertise in multicultural literacy. This is because the artifact explains the origin of the Hispanic community in South-West states. From the artifact, I can understand the historical culture of the Hispanic community in the US. Am able to understand the high presence of the Hispanic population in states like California, New Mexico, Colorado, Arizona, Nevada and Texas. The artifact al so helped me to understand the use of Mexican names in places, parks and streets in most western states contrary to the popular archeological belief that the names began during the romanticism period in the 19th Century. SLO 3 Assessment The above artifact shows people of various religious groups such as Christianity, Hindu, Buddhism and Islam. The artifact presents the concept of religious diversity in the current human life. The

Nursing assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Nursing assignment - Essay Example Diffusivity of a gas is a physical constant that is derived from calculations based on the solubility of the gas in the membrane and the molecular weight of the gas. The area available for diffusion and the thickness of the membrane is anatomy dependent. Thus the exchange of oxygen from the alveoli to the capillaries is mostly based on the pressure gradient across the alveolar-capillary membrane. The same law applies to the transport of carbon dioxide from the capillaries to the, but carbon dioxide is more soluble than oxygen in the membrane and so diffusion limitation is seldom an issue with carbon dioxide, the elimination of which is dependent heavily on ventilation. (Walley & Russell, 1999). Besides the difference between the partial pressures of the gases in alveoli and the pulmonary capillary bed another important determinant of gas exchange is the relationship between the pulmonary capillary perfusion (Q) and alveolar ventilation (V). A well ventilated alveolus needs to have an equally well perfused capillary, with the ratio V/Q ideally 1. A three compartment model of the lungs helps to understand the perfusion and ventilation relationship. Physiological dead spaces, where exchange of gases does not take place are areas of wasted ventilation, where V/Q is greater than 1. Perfectly matched areas of ventilation and perfusion have V/Q equal to 1. Areas that contribute to venous admixture, which is the mixing of non-oxygenated with oxygenated blood after passing through the lungs, where perfusion has been wasted, in the example of the right to left shunt, V/Q is less than 1. Even in normal lung function, there is a degree of variation in the perfusion and ventilation in different areas of the lung due to gravity, which requires the extra effort in forcing blood supply through the blood vessels above the heart in an erect position. Thus the lower portion of the lobes of the lung is better perfused

Optimizing Cash Management Model With Computer Intelligence

Optimizing Cash Management Model With Computer Intelligence Alli  and M.M. Ramya Abstract In today’s technical era, the financial organizations have great challenges to optimize the cash management process. Maintaining minimum cash leads to customer frustration. At the same time, upholding excess cash is a loss to the organization. Hence, soft computing based cash management solutions are required to maintain optimal cash balance. An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is one such technique which plays a vital role in the fields of cognitive science and engineering. In this paper, a novel ANN-based cash Forecasting Model (ANNCFM) has been proposed to identify the cash requirement on daily, weekly and monthly basis. The six cash requirement parameters: Reference Year (RY), Month of the Year (MOY), Working Day of the Month (WDOM), Working Day of the Week (WDOW), Salary Day Effect (SDE) and Holiday Effect (HDE) were fed as input to ANNCFM. Trials were carried out for the selection of ANNCFM network parameters. It was found that number of hidden neurons, learning rate and the momentum when set to 10, 0.3 and 0.95 respectively yielded better results. Mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and mean squared error (MSE) were used to evaluate the performance of the proposed model. MSE that was less than 0.01 proves the capability of the proposed ANNCFM in estimating the cash requirement. Keywords: ANN, ANNCFM , neuron, back-propagation, momentum, learning rate. Introduction: Forecasting cash demand needs to be more accurate for any financial organization including banks [1-3]. If the forecast is flawed, in addition to making financial losses to the banks, it results in customer dissatisfaction. In banking industry, an earlier cash requirement study was made using feed forward neural network with back propagation for short term data of two months [1]. Subsequently another comparative study was made for the cash anticipation using a classic time series models and artificial neural networks [2]. The daily cash requirement models for a bank were optimized with particle swarm and compared with least square method for short term data [3]. The main objective of the paper is to design, develop and test a unique supervised method to forecast the cash requirement for banks from their historic data. 1.1 ANN Background ANN is an efficient tool in understanding the complexities of real world problems in all fields of our daily life[4]. It is used as a function optimizer for linear as well as nonlinear problems in science,engineering,technology,management and finance[5-9]. Artificial neural network learning methods provides the best approach for approximating discrete,real and vector valued target functions [10-12], for complex problems, which are not possible to solve by conventional mathematical methods like analytical and numerical technique. ANN are applied in forex market prediction,portfolio optimization,decision making, metrological parameters forecasting[13-19] etc., The various ANN based approaches applied by researchers in finance field as an alternative to traditional time series model includes Financial and economic forecasting, credit authorization screening, simulation of market behavior, mortgage risk assessment, risk rating of investments and detection of regularities in security price movements [15-19]. 2.0 Design of Proposed ANNCFM Architecture: The process of designing a neural network in many fields resulted in a satisfactory performance but building a neural network forecast for a particular problem is nontrivial task. The modeling issues that affect the performance of the neural network must be selected carefully. 2.1. Selection of ANN Parameters In general, the design of multilayer ANN can have many layers where a layer represents a set of distributed parallel processing nodes. The three layered ANN network with one input, one output and one intermediate hidden layer is sufficient to approximate any complex non-linear function. In the case of forecasting studies many experimental results also confirms ANN with one hidden layer is enough to predict the required data [6-8]. The model architecture of ANNCFM is shown in the Fig1. Fig1: Architecture of ANNCFM Model The important critical decision is to determine the architecture is i) number of layers, ii) number of neurons in each layer, iii) number of arcs which interconnect with nodes , iv) activation function of hidden and output nodes, v) training algorithm, vi)data transformation or normalization, vii)training and test sets and viii)performance measures. 3.0 Design of Proposed ANN Models The proposed ANNCFM model consists of one input, one hidden and an output layer as discussed in section 2.1. In this study the data was collected from a semi–urban area bank located in India. The typical daily cash requirement for thebank for one year is shown in Fig2. Fig. 2: Typical Cash Requirement for a Year The collected data was for a period of three years (2010 to 2012) and was used for training and testing with the following input parameters: RY- Reference year: ranges between 1 to 3 as three years MOY-Month of the year: ranges from 1to 12, WDOM-Working day of the month: ranging from 1 to 27, WDOW –Working day of the week: ranging from 1 to 6, SDE- Salary day effect: ranging from 1 to 3, and HDE- Holiday and the week end effect: either 0 or 1. The fore mentioned parameters were used as six input neurons. In the hidden layer, the number of neurons were varied from 8 to 50.The output layer had one neuron that corresponds to the optimal cash requirement for a day. 3.1 Pseudocode- ANNCFM Main() { [W, V, Voj, Wok]=ANNCFMtrain( x,nip,nh,op,ÃŽ ±,ÃŽ ¼,t) yk = ANNCFMtest(ts, W,V, Voj,Wok,t) [Mserr,Mape]=ANNCFMevaluate() } FunctionANNCFMtrain(x,nip,nh,op,ÃŽ ±,ÃŽ ¼,t) returns network with modified weight { Repeat { For each training sample x(I,nip) //Feed forward computation //Determine the output neuron between input layer and hidden layer //Determine the output neuron between hidden layer and output layer //Compute the error signal between the output and hidden layer //Update the weights between the output(k) and Hidden(j) layer; If itr=1 then { else End if } //Update bias between the output and hidden If itr =1 then { Else End if } //Update the weights between the input(i) and Hidden(j) layer; If itr=1 then { Else End if } //Update bias between the hidden and input If itr =1 then { Else End if } } Until mse } Function ANNCFMtest(ts, W,V, Voj,Wok,t ) returns output(y) { For each testsample ts //Feed forward computation //Determine the output neuron between input layer and hidden layer //Determine the output neuron between hidden layer and output layer } ANNCFM evaluate(tk ,yk,ts) { } 4.0 Evaluation Metrics: In order to derive and evaluate the performance of the most appropriate model that fulfils our objective of optimizing the cash management, few metrics were used. The accuracy of the proposed ANNCFM is evaluated using MAPE and MSE which are defined as follows: MSE= Where Xt is the actual data at period t, Ft is the forecast at period, t, et is the forecast error at period t, while n is the number of observations. 5.0 Results and discussion: The data for a period of three years (2010-2012) was collected from City Union Bank (CUB)-ukt bank branch to simulate the network using MATLAB .For the proposed study the total number of data for the three years is 879, in which the first two and half years, 737 data were used for training(80%) and the remaining six months 142 data sets (20%) were used for testing. Studies found that input data normalization with certain criteria, prior to training process, is crucial to obtain good results, as well as to fasten significantly the calculations [J.Sola J. Sevilla]. Hence the input data was normalized before training. In ANNCFM, 15 runs were made by varying the number of hidden neurons from 10 to 50 using gradient descent with momentum back-propagation (traingdm) for the default training parameters learning rate =0.01, momentum=0.95, Goal=0, and number of iterations as 6000, are illustrated in table 1-column2. The convergence of ANNCFM is influenced by number of hidden neurons in which by varying the number of hidden neurons between 10 through 50. The error was minimal when the number of hidden neurons was set to 10, 20, 40, 45 and 50, by achieving a MSE of 0.0079 as observed from column 3 of table 1. As the number of hidden neurons increase, there is a significant increase in the computational time. Hence the number of hidden neurons in the proposed study was fixed as 10. The pictorial representation for the optimal hidden neuron against its MSE are shown in Fig. 3. Fig.3: Optimal Number of hidden neurons. The learning rate ‘lr’ arrives at a local optimum for the higher learning rate and global optimum for slow learning process. Different trials were made to identify the optimal learning rate to avoid the unstable condition and fluctuations in the results. Learning rate was varied between 0.1 through 0.5 in which 0.3 yielded an optimal learning rate for the given data set, as shown in Fig-4. Fig 4: Optimal learning rate The momentum plays a vital role in identifying the convergence point. Momentum, when set too low, it may get stuck into local minima, and if it is too high, network will become unstable. So there is a need to identify the optimal momentum value for ANNCFM, various momentum values were tested between 0.8 and 1.0, the trained results shows that the optimal momentum value was 0.95 are shown in the Fig-5 Fig 5: Optimal Momentum rate In the ANNCFM model to train and test the cash requirement for a day, week, month the following parameters values are selected based on their performance from the different number of runs made above: i) the number of input neurons=6, ii) maximum number of iteration=6000, iii) learning rate= 0.3, iv) momentum=0.95, v) transfer function=tansig/tansig (hidden and output layer). The optimal selection of the above parameters helped in improving the performance, by minimizing the error rate. This is evident from Table 1, that shows the MSE achieved before and after parameter selection. Table1: ANNCFM performance for different number of hidden neurons The ANNCFM was used to estimate daily, weekly and monthly cash requirement. The estimated values were compared with the actual values for the testing period are shown in Fig.6a,b,c.for the daily ,weekly and monthly prediction. The obtained results shows the ANNCFM was found to perform reasonably good for all the three models .The weights calculated by our ANNCFM was found to be sufficient for cash prediction in which RY,MOY,WDOM, WDOW are essential parameters, and SDE,HDE are additional parameters .The connection weight approach was used to quantify the importance of input variable [20]. The preference of the input parameters were found based on the weights obtained was evident from Table 2, column-4. Table 2: ANNCFM Weights-Preferences. The input parameters SDE and HDE plays a vital role in daily and weekly model as it was observed from the above table it effectively takes care the need of peak cash requirement at the beginning of every month and during holiday periods. The role of SDE in the weekly cash prediction could be easily understood for the weeks like 1,5,14, where the cash requirement is maximum since the beginning of the month lies within the week. However for the 9th and 10th as well as for the 18th and 19th week cash requirement shows the new month starts between the weeks. The monthly model was plotted for six months as shown in Fig.6c in which the experimental results shows that the estimated values were most influenced by WDOM .The cash required and predicted was minimum for the fourth month in which WDOM was minimum. The MAPE and MSE for ANNCFM are shown in Table 3 . Fig.6-a: ANNCFM –Daily Model Fig.6-b: ANNCFM –Weekly Model Fig .6-c : ANNCFM –Monthly Model Table 3 : MAPE and MSE errors for ANNCFM The comparison made between the actual and forecast data shown from the figures indicates that the six input variables selected in our model is sufficient to identify the cash need which is changing from time to time. 6.0 Conclusion: The observations from the experimental results of this study shows that ANNCFM is a useful tool to predict the cash requirement in emerging banking sector. ANNCFM using feed forward neural network training with back-propagation algorithm optimize the needs of cash on daily, weekly and monthly basis. In the implementation process the data set used for the years between 2010 and 2012 were trained and tested to measure the performance. 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